For the global macro trader there are essentially two different kinds of trades: relative value and directional. Relative value is essentially when you are looking at two different instruments that have reliable historical relationships and trading off that relationship. Directional trading, as the name implies, is when you place a bet saying that you think oil, gold, etc is going up or down.

There are multiple categories of directional traders. Some are technically oriented and deemed technicians and look at charts and other price action based studies. Other macro traders use fundamental analysis thinking that they can determine if an asset is under or over valued. Gut feel is a style as well. Most of the time gut traders lose their money but there are a few that can trade successfully solely of off their feelings. The next large category of traders are the CTA long term trend followers. They use technical analysis and risk management to build automated trading systems. Then we have the true global macro traders who use a bit from all of these styles in order to have lower drawdowns and higher returns.

Those traders that trade based solely off of fundamentals typically will have good long term results but have what some would deem excessive short term volatility due to their lack of respect of the actual price. Typically id they think something is undervalued they will keep buying more and more which makes a lot when you are right but can really hurt when you are wrong.

Trading from the gut, or by the seat of your pants is typically the worst thing you can do. That being siad there are a few traders who do well at it. The thing that separates the good from the bad is their ability to cut losses. if you cant do that then you will lose. News flow won’t save you if you can’t admit when you are wrong.

Chart reading, also known as technical analysis is the study of price action. Coupled with a solid risk management process many traders are successful at using this approach. Looking at charts enables traders to gauge the sentiment of the market and which way the market may move. Like all forms of trading good risk management is crucial.

Then we come to the so called macro traders. We say so called because in actuality they are just an automatic version of the technicians. CTA or commodity trading advisers typically program automatic long term trend following models with built in risk management systems. A typical system might buy an asset when it hits a new 40 day high and then places a protective stop it it falls 3 ATR’s below it. While the systems vary the underlying results are good. Historically CTA trend following systems have been quite profitable.

Traders who use the best of all these forms of trading typically will have better long term results and lower drawdowns. If you use good risk management along with a measure of what the market is telling you, and then couple that with the fundamentals of the actual market you are bound to have better long term results.